Venezuela – development
The economic situation of the South American country strongly changed. Nicolás Maduro, the late Chávez’s successor in office since 2013, has essentially continued the new course in economic policy.
OIL IS THE ECONOMIC ENGINE
The Venezuelan economy has been based on oil production and processing since the 1920s, which already accounted for more than 90 percent of all export revenues in the 1980s. A key element of the “Bolivarian Revolution” under Chavez was the redistribution of oil revenues through the nationalization of key industries. The extraction and processing of crude oil determines the Venezuelan economy to this day. With around 300 billion barrels, Venezuela and Saudi Arabia have the largest oil reserves in the world according to current knowledge.
The country’s output varies between 2.4 million and 3.1 million barrels (million barrels) per day. The fact that Venezuela can no longer match the previous level of production is due to the inefficient management of the state oil company PDVSA and insufficient investments due to high government taxes. The most important buyers of crude oil are China and above all the USA, where PDVSA operates a number of refineries and a large chain of petrol stations through its subsidiary Citgo Petroleum Corporation. For more information about the continent of South America, please check internetsailors.com.
The north of today’s Chile was originally under the control of the Incas, the south was controlled by the nomadic Araucanos. In 1541, Pedro de Valdivia, a Spaniard, founded Santiago. Chile gained its independence from Spain under Bernardo O’Higgins and an Argentine, José de San Martín in 1818. O’Higgins ruled as dictator until 1823 and […]
Pre-Columbian history America was probably originally a “deserted” continent. The first immigration (hunter-gatherer) from Asian Siberia via the then still mainland or icy Bering Strait was around 15,000 BC. (maybe earlier) detectable; the Inca Empire in Peru since 1200, peak in the 15th century AD Columbus and post-Columbian history After the old West-East trade routes […]
The oldest archaeological finds in the Argentine area date from ca. 10,000 BC About. 500 BC taught the Indians in Argentina to grow potatoes, hold llamas, and work in ceramics and metals. In the last of three ceramic periods, after approx. 1000 AD, rich bronze works were made. Somewhat younger are hires for urban development […]
Prehistory Paleo-Indian hunters and collectors arrived in western South America at the end of the Ice Age. They hunted, among other things. llamas and collected root vegetables. Later domestication of the llama and cultivation of potatoes and quinoa occur in connection with greater habitat. In the Titicaca area, cities developed around 1200 BC. Copper smelting […]
Prehistory Traces of paleo-Indian collectors have been found together with the bones of giant angels in Rio Grande do Sul in southwestern Brazil and dated to around 13000–6000 BC. Cultural warehouse older than 20000 BC is suggested by carbon-14 dating from a cave in Soquerão in the Pedra Furada region of northeastern Brazil. Kitchen matings, […]
Colonial period Before the Spanish colonization, the long coastal strip that is today Chile was sparsely populated. In the 1400s, the Incarct penetrated south of the Andes region, but was unable to establish itself in the areas further south, which were bitterly defended by the Araucan Indians. The Spaniards arrived in 1530, and in 1541 […]
Prehistory Northwest South America and Central America belong to a cultural region between the major Mexican and Peruvian high cultures. The oldest finds are at the end of Paleo-Indian period, with the settlement of El Abra (10,000–7000 BC). Vast kitchen kitchens have been found along the north coast. A large knowledge gap exists for the […]
Older history In the highlands of Ecuador, discoveries of ceramic cultures from ca. 8000 BC In the coastal area some of the oldest American pottery finds were made (c. 3200-1800 BC). From the period approx. 500 BC – 500 AD one knows in particular the Bahia culture, an agricultural culture with large cities with temple […]
As early as the 1530s, the Spaniards tried to establish themselves on the coast of Guyana, but were displaced by the indigenous people. As a result of activities in the Caribbean, the Dutch West Indies Company established trading stations along the coast of present-day Guyana between 1616 and 1621. The British first established themselves in […]
Prehistory When hunters and collectors from surrounding regions first immigrated is unclear. In southern Paraguay, hunting for guanaco dominated from about 3500 BC. until after the arrival of the Europeans in the early 16th century; settlements before that were usually semi-permanent. Ceramic manufacturing was introduced about 500 BC. through contacts with eastern Brazil. History The […]
Prehistory Traces of hunters and collectors in the caves of Guitarrero in the north and Pikimachay in the south go back to at least about 10,000 BC; a close to twice as high dating for the latter site has been strongly questioned. The prey was among other things. wild horse, camel, deer and sloth. Cultivation […]
When the Spaniards discovered the coasts of the area that later became the name Guyana (Berbice) in 1498, it was sparsely populated by Caribbean and Arawak Indians. Spaniards and Portuguese showed little interest in the area, and it was not until 1651 that a British trading station was set up by Barbados, which enticed other […]
History As early as 1516, the Spanish Juan Díaz de Solís (c. 1470–1516) visited the mouth of the Río de la Plata. The area east of the Uruguay River was one of the most recently occupied parts of South America, as it had neither precious metals nor a climate suitable for tropical export agriculture. During […]
When the Spaniards in 1498 arrived in the territory that would later become the Republic of Venezuela, there were a number of indigenous groups in the area from the Caribbean coast in the north to the Amazon jungle in the south. These were almost wiped out over the next few decades. The capital Caracas was […]