Monaco History

By | March 8, 2021

Monaco is a sovereign city-state located in Western Europe, surrounded by France. According to homosociety, it has an area of 2 km2 and a population of approximately 39,000 people. The official language is French, although English and Italian are also spoken. The capital city is Monaco-Ville, located on the Mediterranean Sea. The currency is the Euro and the government is an absolute monarchy with three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. The economy is mainly based on tourism, banking and financial services, light industry and some agriculture. Monaco has no natural resources but its mild climate makes it a popular tourist destination for visitors from around the world. Education is compulsory up to grade 9 and there are several universities offering higher education programs in the country.

Prehistory

In the Grotte de l’Observatoire, settlement dates from about 200,000 to 25,000 BC. coated. Findings from there, as well as from the Grimaldi caves, can be found in the Musée d’Anthropologie prehistorique de Monaco, which also contains objects from the Greek and Roman eras.

History

From Massalia (Marseille) was founded in the 500s BC the colony of Monoikos, in Roman times the militarily important port city of Herculis Monoeci portus.

Monaco, which was part of Genoa’s power sphere during the Middle Ages, was ruled by the Grimaldi family from 1297 (final 1419). After periods of Spanish and French supremacy, Monaco was annexed by France in 1793, regained its freedom in 1814 but, after a decision by the Vienna Congress in 1815, became a protectorate under the Kingdom of Sardinia. In 1861, Monaco gained its current position as an independent principality, though strongly dependent on France. At the same time, the monegasque cities of Menton and Roquebrune, which in 1848 were declared free, were incorporated with France for a replacement to Prince Charles III of Monaco. See abbreviationfinder for geography, history, society, politics, and economy of Monaco. During his reign, Monaco quickly developed into a tourist and gaming paradise and, thanks to the revenues from the gaming business, was able to introduce tax relief in 1869.

  • COUNTRYAAH.COM: Provides latest population data about Monaco. Lists by Year from 1950 to 2020. Also includes major cities by population.

Albert I abolished the princely monarchy in 1911. In 1918, a treaty was concluded with France, in which Monaco pledged to exercise its independence in accordance with French interests, while France undertook to defend the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Principality. During World War II, Monaco was occupied by Italian and German troops.

Rainier III issued a new, more democratic constitution in 1962, which in 2002 was revised in an even more democratic direction. During Rainier’s reign (1949–2005), Monaco underwent rapid economic development. Construction activities expanded greatly, and the country’s surface area grew by a quarter through fillings in the sea. The casino has lost its state financial significance, while foreign companies and financial institutions have been tempted to establish themselves in Monaco through favorable conditions. International criticism and money laundering allegations have been directed at the Monegasque banking system. France forced Monaco in 1963 to apply French tax rules to most French citizens in the Principality.